Tham khảo Wikipedia:Quy_định_sử_dụng_hình_ảnh

  1. ↑ Strictly speaking, only US works published before January 1, 1925, and foreign works published in compliance with US formalities (registration, © notice) before that date are in the public domain in the US. For non-US works published without compliance with US formalities (i.e., without © notice), the situation is a bit more complicated:
    • If published before 1909, such works are in the public domain in the US.
    • If published between 1909 and 1924 (inclusive) in a language other than English, the Ninth Circuit has considered them as "unpublished works" according to Peter Hirtle and following the decision of the United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit in the case Twin Books v. Disney in 1996. The case was about the book Bambi, A Life in the Woods; the decision is heavily criticized in Nimmer on Copyright (ISBN 0-820-51465-9), the standard commentary on US copyright law.
    • If published between 1909 and 1924 (inclusive) in English, they are highly likely to be PD, given that the aforementioned controversial case was only about a work published in a foreign language.
    • Additionally, any work first published outside of the United States without copyright notice before 1989, when the US joined the Berne Convention, is in the public domain in the US if it was in the public domain in its country of origin on the URAA date (in most cases January 1, 1996). See the section on country-specific rules for more information.
    Also, the 1925 cut-off date applies only to the US. This means foreign works first published before 1925 are in the public domain in the US, but may still be copyrighted outside the US.
  2. ↑ Most countries have had similar copyright extensions in the past, the date ranges from the 1850s to 1930s in said countries.
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